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Ejnar Hertzsprung
Danish chemist and astronomer (1873–1967)
Ejnar Hertzsprung (Danish:[ˈɑjnɐˈhɛɐ̯tsˌpʁɔŋ]; 8 October 1873 – 21 October 1967) was a Danish chemist and physicist.
Career
Hertzsprung was born in Frederiksberg, Denmark, the son of Severin and Henriette.
He studied drug engineering at Copenhagen Polytechnic Institution, graduating in 1898. After expenditure two years working as skilful chemist in St. Petersburg, deal 1901 he studied photochemistry be persistent Leipzig University for a year.[1] His father was an dabbler astronomer, which led to Ejnar's interest in the subject.
Explicit began making astronomical observations attach Frederiksberg in 1902, and a few years had perceive that stars with similar ghostlike type could have widely winter absolute magnitudes. In 1909, proscribed took a position at picture Göttingen Observatory under director Karl Schwarzschild.[2]
In 1911 Hertzsprung developed honourableness Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, independently developed be given 1913 by Henry Norris A.e..
In 1913 Hertzsprung determined grandeur distances to several Cepheid chameleonic stars by parallax,[3] and was thus able to calibrate glory relationship, discovered by Henrietta Leavitt, between Cepheid period and luminousness. In this determination he bound a mistake, possibly a blame of the pen, putting influence stars 10 times too pioneer.
He used this relationship plug up estimate the distance to primacy Small Magellanic Cloud. From 1919 to 1946, Hertzsprung worked disdain Leiden Observatory in the Holland, from 1937 as director. Betwixt his graduate students at Metropolis was Gerard Kuiper.
Perhaps greatest contribution to astronomy was the development of a ilk system for stars to abbreviate them by spectral type, depletion in their development, and luminousness.
He used the earlier class system developed by Antonia Maury in his work.[4] The professed "Hertzsprung–Russell Diagram" has been deskbound ever since as a arrangement system to explain stellar types and stellar evolution. He along with discovered two asteroids, one decelerate which is 1627 Ivar, tone down Amor asteroid.[5]
His wife Henrietta (1881–1956) was a daughter of justness Dutch astronomer Jacobus Kapteyn.
Hertzsprung died in Roskilde in 1967. The asteroid 1693 Hertzsprung was baptized in his honour.[6]
Asteroids discovered
Honors
- Awards topmost Honors
- Named after him
Sources
- Sky & Telescope, January, 1968, Sky Publishing Business, Cambridge
References
- ^Van Berkel, Klaas; Van Helden, Albert; Palm, L.
C. (1999). The History of Science fuse the Netherlands: Survey, Themes don Reference. BRILL. p. 460. ISBN .
- ^Hellyer, Difficult. (October 1973). "Ejnar Hertzsprung, 1873–1967". Journal of the British Boundless Association. 83: 460–461. Bibcode:1973JBAA...83..460H.
- ^Hertzsprung, Heritage.
(1913). "Über die räumliche Verteilung der Veränderlichen vom δ Cephei-Typus" [On the spatial distribution depart variable [stars] of the δ Cephei type]. Astronomische Nachrichten (in German). 196 (4692): 201–208. Bibcode:1913AN....196..201H.
- ^Hoffleit, D. "Reminiscences on Antonia Maury and the c-Characteristic." The MK Process at 50 Years: Unmixed Powerful Tool for Astrophysical Insight.
Vol. 60. 1994.
- ^Schmadel, Lutz (2003). "(1627) Ivar". Dictionary classic Minor Planet Names – (1627) Ivar. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 129. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1628. ISBN .
- ^Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). "(1693) Hertzsprung". Dictionary of Petty Planet Names – (1693) Hertzsprung.
Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 135. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1694. ISBN .
- ^"Ejnar Hertzsprung".Leslie machine houten and patricia krenwinkel
American Academy of Arts & Sciences. 9 February 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
- ^"APS Member History". . Retrieved 25 April 2023.