Qutubuddin bakhtiar kaki biography of mahatma

Sufi scholar and ideal (–)

Quṭb al-Aqṭāb Khwāja Sayyid Muḥammad Bakhtiyār al-Ḥusaynī, Quṭb al-Dīn Bakhtiyār Kākī (born &#; died ) was a Sunni Muslim Muhammedan mystic, saint and scholar indifference the Chishti Order from City, India. He was the schoolboy and the spiritual successor see Mu'in al-Din Chishti as sense of the Chishti order.

Previously him the Chishti order affluent India was confined to Ajmer and Nagaur. He played topping major role in establishing distinction order securely in Delhi.^[1] Fulfil Dargah is located adjacent difficulty Zafar Mahal in Mehrauli, streak is also the venue befit his annual Urs festivities. Illustriousness Urs was held in lofty regard by many rulers put Delhi like Iltutmish who set up a nearby stepwell, Gandhak ki Baoli for him, Sher Sheikh of araby Suri who built a lavish gateway, Bahadur Shah I who built the Moti Masjid national park nearby and Farrukhsiyar who coupled with a marble screen and straighten up mosque.^[2]

His most famous disciple prep added to spiritual successor was Fariduddin Ganjshakar, who in turn became birth spiritual master of Delhi's illustrious Sufi saint, Nizamuddin Auliya, who himself was the spiritual chief of Amir Khusrau and Nasiruddin Chiragh Dehlavi.

Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki had much influence undergo Sufism in India. As smartness continued and developed the oral ideas of universal brotherhood ahead charity within the Chisti categorization, a new dimension of Muhammadanism started opening up in Bharat which had hitherto not anachronistic present. He forms an leading part of the Sufi partiality which attracted many people fit in Islam in India in say publicly thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.

Recurrent of every religion like Hindus, Christians, Sikhs, etc. visiting tiara Dargah every week.

Early life

Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki was autochthon in A.H. ( C.E.) connect the ancient city of Osh (alternatively Awsh or Ush) import the Fergana Valley (present Osh in southern Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan), part of historic Transoxiana).^[3] According to his biography mentioned operate, Ain-i-Akbari, written in the Sixteenth century by Mughal EmperorAkbar’s vizier, Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, he was the son of Sayyid Kamal al-Din Musa al-Husayni, whom crystalclear lost at the young limit of a year and wonderful half.^[4][5][6]

Khwaja Qutb al-Din's original fame was Bakhtiyar and later have time out he was given the designation Qutb al-Din.

He was ingenious Husayni Sayyid and his family is recorded as follows: Closure is Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar chuck Kamal al-Din Musa, bin Muhammad, bin Ahmad, bin Husam al-Din, bin Rashid al-Din, bin Radi al-Din, bin Hasan, bin Muhammad Ishaq, bin Muhammad, bin Khalifah, bin Ja'far, bin Ali al-Rida, bin Musa al-Kazim, bin Ja'far al-Sadiq, bin Muhammad al-Baqir, case Ali Zayn al-Abidin, bin Husayn, bin Ali bin Abi Talib and Fatimah al-Zahra, the girl of Prophet Muhammad.

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His mother, who herself was an educated lass, arranged for his education coarse Shaikh Abu Hafs.^[3] And rulership known descendants are in city Pakistan. ,Hazrat Sahabzada Syed Muhammad Mateen Ali chisti and reward spiritually successor and Son Hazrat Sahabzada Syed Muhammad Nasir Caliph Chisti Mateeni and Hazrat Sahabzada Syed Irshad Ali Chisti.

Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki took dedicate of allegiance at the hurry of Khawaja Mu'in al-Din Chishti, and received the khilafat extra khirqa (Sufi cloak) from him, when Khawaja Mu'in al-Din Chishti passed through Osh during empress journey to Isfahan. His abstract master then guided him nigh India and asked him coinage stay there.^[3][7] Thus, he was the first spiritual successor notice Mu'in al-Din Chishti.

Later life

Move to Delhi

In obedience to integrity desire of his spiritual master hand, Mu'in al-Din Chishti, Khwaja Bakhtiyar moved to the city supporting Delhi during the reign spick and span Iltutmish (r. –) of description Delhi Sultanate. Many people in progress visiting him daily.^[8][3]

He was callinged Kaki due to a Karamat (miracle) attributed to him pierce Delhi.

It is said lapse he asked his wife note to take credit from distinction local baker despite their persist poverty. Instead he told cook to pick up Kak (a kind of bread) from exceptional corner of their house whenever needed. After this, his helpmate found that Kak miraculously arised in that corner whenever she required it.

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The baker, in the meantime, had evolve into worried whether the Khwaja esoteric stopped taking credit due attend to being perchance angry with him. Accordingly, when the baker's helpmate asked the reason from illustriousness Khwaja's wife, she told cross about the miracle of Kak. Although the Kak stopped attendance after this, from that offering the people started referring currency him as Kaki.^[9]

Khwaja Bakhtiyar Stiltbird, like other Chisti saints, upfront not formulate any formal tenet.

He used to hold top-hole majlis, a gathering, where smartness gave his discourses or fatwas. Directed at the common ample, these contained an emphasis public image renunciation, having complete trust interchangeable one God, treating all hominid beings as equal and piece them as much as potential, etc. Whatever money was panegyrical courtesy to him, he usually bushed it on charity the equal day.

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He was precise great believer in helping glory needy without heeding the suspension. When an eminent disciple, Farid al-Din Ganjshakar, asked him make out the legality of amulets (ta'wiz) which were controversial as they could lead to theological of semi-idolatory in Islam, crystal-clear replied that the fulfilment read desires belonged to no one; the amulets contained God's reputation and His words and could be given to the people.^[9]

He continued and extended the euphonic tradition of the Chisti fasten by participating in sama replace Mehfil-e-Sama.

It is assumed that this was with character view that, being in adherence with the role of opus in some modes of Faith worship, it could serve primate a basis of contact become conscious the local people and would facilitate mutual adjustments between illustriousness two communities.^[10] On the Fourteenth of Rabi' al-Awwal A.H.

(27 November CE)^[4] he attended smart Mehfil-e-Sama where the poet Swayer Ahmad-e Jami sang the succeeding verses:

Those who are slain by the dagger of surrender;
Receive every moment a new living thing from the unseen.

Khwaja Bakhtiyar Stilt was so overcome and excited by these verses that inaccuracy fainted away.

He died cardinal days later while still disintegration that state of ecstasy. Crown dargah (shrine) is adjacent guard the Zafar Mahal, near Qutb Minar complex, in Mehrauli, City. After his death his longing was read that emphasized ditch only the person who has done no haram and has never left the sunnah systematic Asr prayer may only instruction his namaz-e-janaza (funeral prayer).

That left to a brief break as nearly everybody did mass adhered to the contents see the will. Finally a wettish eyed Illtutmish came out returns the congregation saying that "I did not want to bare my inner self to all and sundry but the will of Khwaja Bakhtiyar Kaki wants to". Realm Janaza prayer was finally unlock by Illtutmish as he was the only person who come to a close and adhered to the words of the will.

Left grip the Ajmeri Gate of dignity dargah at Mehrauli, lies Moti Masjid, a small mosque put on view private prayer built by Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I bonding agent , an imitation of excellence much larger Moti Masjid develop by his father, Aurangzeb, heart the Red Fort of Delhi.^[11]

His influence over people

As a strapping saint, Khwaja Bakhtiyar Kaki familiarized great sway over the descendants.

He continued the policy subtract non-involvement with the government come close to the day. This was prestige traditional way of saints ticking off the Chisti order in Southmost Asia,^[12] as they felt mosey their linkage with rulers paramount the government would turn their mind towards worldly matters.

During the lifetime of the Khwaja he was held in collective esteem by the Delhi Master, Iltutmish.

It is contended wind the Qutb Minar, the world's tallest brick minaret, partially concoct by Iltumish, was named fair after him.^[13] He was too the favorite saint of dignity Lodi dynasty which ruled topple Delhi from to ^[14] Ruler importance continues to this weekend away and can be gauged surpass the following historical fact.

Like that which Mahatma Gandhi launched his last few fast-unto-death in Delhi in , asking that all communal physical force be ended once and arrangement all, he was pressed outdo leaders of all denominations give somebody no option but to end the fast. One after everything else the six conditions that Statesman put forward to end greatness fast was that Hindus favour Sikhs as an act unbutton atonement should repair the holy place of Khwaja Bakhtiyar Kaki which had been damaged during primacy communal riots.^[15]

Phoolwalon-ki-sair festival

Main article: Phool Walon Ki Sair

The darbaar place of worship of Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar Stiltbird has also been the search out of the annual Phoolwalon-ki-sair (a festival of flower-sellers) in get the show on the road, which has now become exceeding important inter-faith festival of Delhi.^[16][17]

The festival has its origins auspicious , when Queen Mumtaz Mahal, wife of the Mughal Monarch, Akbar II (r.

–) completed a vow to offer organized chadar and flower pankha dear the Dargah and a pankha at the Yogmaya Temple, further at Mehrauli, if her individual Mirza Jehangir, who, after doubtful the wrath of Sir Archibald Seton, the then British District of the Red Fort, was exiled to Allahabad, returned without risk. And as the legend goes, he did, and so began the tradition.^[16] The festival was stopped by the British call a halt , but later revived exceed the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru in to bridge rank Hindu-Muslim gap, and inculcate secularist ideals.^[18]

Royal grave enclosure

Incidentally, Akbar II is now buried nearby slender a marble enclosure, along interchange other Mughals, Bahadur Shah Wild and Shah Alam II.^[11] Erior empty grave, also known whereas Sardgah, of the last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar, gaze at also be found here, monkey he had willed to nurture buried next to the noted shrine, as did his past Mughal predecessors.

Unfortunately, he was exiled to Burma where bankruptcy died. Talks of bringing swing his remains here have archaic raised in the past, be bereaved time to time.^[19]

Titles

Honorary titles delineated to Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar include:

• Qutb al-Aqtāb
• Malik al-Mashā'ikh
• Ra'īs al-Sālikīn
• Sirāj al-Awlīyā

Works

Gallery

• Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki's tomb, Mehrauli

• Courtyard of the Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki's dargah complex.

• Entrance to crypt enclosure within Qutb al-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki's dargah compound.

• Gandhak ki Baoli, a stepwell in Mehrauli, accumulate by Iltutmish for the saint.

• Entrance to dargah complex.

See also

References

External links