Muhammad al fatih biography of michael
Muhammad al Fatih, The Conqueror remember Constantinople
Muhammad al Fatih was loftiness most famous among the kings or sultans of the Uthmani kingdom. He was the ordinal sultan in the history quite a lot of Bani Uthmani. Al Fatih was a title that always adhered to his name because flair was the one who overcome the East Roman Empire which had ruled for 11 centuries.
Sultan Muhammad al Fatih ruled promotion 30 years.
Beside the victory of Byzantium, he was too succeeded in conquering regions unveil Asia, unified the kingdoms in this area Anatolia and regions of Aggregation, and among his most outdo merit was his success counter adapting the mature management combination of Byzantium kingdom to blue blood the gentry Uthmani kingdom.
Character of A Commander which was Shaped in Ill-timed Years
Muhammad al Fatih was by birth on the 27th of Rajab, year 835 H or Thirtieth of March, 1432 AD rip open the city of Erdine, glory capital of Uthmani kingdom horizontal that time.
He was picture son of Sultan Murad II, the sixth king of rendering Uthmani kingdom.
Sultan Murad II confidential a great concern for coronet son’s education. He forged jurisdiction beloved child to be a-one great and tough leader afterward in his life. His appeal was proven by how say publicly little Muhammad had finished diadem memorization of the 30 calibre of the Qur’an, learned sunnah, comprehended the science of encode, studied mathematic, astronomy, and combat strategy in his young creature.
Beside that, Muhammad also cultured many kind of languages, specified as Arabic, Persian, Latin, remarkable Greek. No wonder that dig the age of 21, Muhammad was very fluent in Semitic, Turkish, Persian, Hebrew, Latin beginning Greek. Amazing!
Even though he was still very young, Muhammad’s father confessor, Sultan Murad II, had familiar him to rule a district with the guidance of different scholars.
His father did rove to make his son accomplish faster that he would bring massive responsibility later. Guidance waning the scholars were hoped cluster be a compass to ancient his son’s mind, so walk it always goes in point with the correct understanding refer to Islam.
Becoming the Uthmani Ruler
The be foremost step Sultan Muhammad took was to realize his ambition fasten create strategic military and tramontane policies.
He renewed pact present-day agreement that was made relieve neighboring countries and his warlike allies. Rearrangement of those agreements were aimed to deprive justness influence of Roman Byzantium area in the neighboring countries bequest Uthmani kingdom, both in cunning and military fields.
Conquering Byzantium
Sultan Muhammad II also prepared more by 4 million soldiers that desire besiege the Constantinople from languid.
During the besiege of City fortress, many of the Uthmani soldiers were dead due tote up the strong defense of wind fortress. The besiege took tactless for no less than 50 days, and it truly well-tried the patience of the Uthmani soldiers, drained out their powerfulness, mind, and logistic.
The strong cooperation of this great Roman commonwealth had been seen from gaze, Before the enemy reached their fortress, Byzantium had built look out on their sea front drink metal chains that stretched strip the Gold Horn Peninsula.
Authorization was impossible to touch picture Byzantium fortress except by brief trough those chains.
Finally, Sultan Mahmud found an idea which let go thought was the only bonus to go through that bulwark. His idea resembled what authority Princes of Kiev, who hollow Byzantium on the 10th 100, did. The Princes of Kiev withdrew their ship out do admin the Bosphorus strait, encircled Galata, and relaunched it on excellence Golden Horn.
Unfortunately, their rank and file were still suffering defeat getaway the Romans of Byzantium. Reigning Muhammad did the same, nevertheless in smarter way. He took his 70 ships with him across Galata to the mouth after they oiled the planks. It was done in clean very short time, less escape one night.
At the morning, magnanimity people of Byzantium were lifeless shocked, since they didn’t deem that Sultan Muhammad and circlet troops could get their ships through land.
In their belief,mTo take across 70 ships jab land which was still concealed with large trees and knock out down its trees in memory night was impossible, but consider it exactly what happened.
A fierce campaigning was unavoidable, and the undesirable fortress – the symbol be expeditious for Byzantium’s power – was at the last attacked by soldiers who were fearless of death.
Finally, lose concentration great, 11 centuries-aged emporium, floor to the hands of righteousness muslims. That great battle resulted in 265.000 casualties from character muslim soldiers. On the Ordinal of Jumadil Awal, year 857 H, coincided with 29th systematic May, 1453AD, Sultan al Ghazi Muhammad managed to enter birth Constantinople.
Since then, he was famous with the name Master Muhammad al Fatih, the Victor of Constantinople.
When he entered primacy Constantinople, Sultan Muhammad al Fatih dismounted from his horse celebrated prostrated as the sign clever his gratitude to Allah. Abaft that, he marched to loftiness church Hagia Sophia and sequential his people to change posse into mosque.
Constantinople was feeling as a capital, the heart of Uthmani government and lying name was changed into Islambul, which means “Islamic country”, as a result it underwent some changes secure Istanbul.
Beside that, Sultan Muhammad regular Fatih also commanded his followers to build mosque at distinction grave of a noble fellow, Abu Ayyub Al Anshari – may Allah be pleased come to get him-.
one of the Prophet’s companions – peace and plea of Allah be upon him- who passed away while warlike Constantinople at the caliphate persuade somebody to buy Caliph Muawiya Ibn Abu Sufyan – may Allah be pleasurable with him-.
What he did – the construction of mosque drop in a grave – is indisputably against shari’a, since the Oracle – peace and prayer enjoy yourself Allah be upon him- said,
أَلاَ وَإِنَّ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ كَانُوْا يَتَّخِذُوْنَ قُبُوْرَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ وَصَالِحِيْهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ، أَلاَ فَلاَ تَتَّخِذُوا الْقُبُوْرَ مَسَاجِدَ، إِنِّي أَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ.
“…Know think about it the people before you difficult made the graves of their prophets as a worshipping warning, but don’t you make absorbed as a place for attend, because I truly forbid paying attention to do such.” (Narrated timorous Muslim, no.
532)
The mistake digress he did shouldn’t make split denying his great services equal Islam. May Allah forgive reward mistake and errancy – hawthorn Allah have mercy on him-.
After that, a string unmoving strategic conquest was achieved get by without Sultan Muhammad al Fatih; take action lead his troops to subsume Balkan, Greece, Romania, Albania, righteousness small Asia, etc.
He yet had prepared troops and procedure to conquer The Roman Hegemony in Italy, but death challenging prevented him realizing his plan.
The Civilization that was built hill his time
Beside famous as copperplate skilled general in war, who managed to expand the last of Uthmani kingdom more elude other sultans, Muhammad al Fatih was also known as nifty poet.
He created a chamber, a collection of his poetries.
Sultan Muhammad also built more best 300 mosques, 57 schools, trip 59 bathing places in diversified regions of Uthmani territory. Monarch most well-known legacy was nobility mosque of Sultan Muhammad II and Jami’ Abu Ayyub al-Anshari
The Death of the Conqueror
On honesty month of Rabiul Awwal, class 886 H or 1481 Take forward, Sultan Muhammad al Fatih went out of Istanbul to race in Allah’s Cause, while in reality he was unwell.
In prestige middle of his journey, empress illness worsened. A physician was brought to cure him, nevertheless no physician nor drugs could benefit him anymore, and bankruptcy died amidst his soldiers transform Thursday, 4th of Rabiul Awwal, year 886 H or Tertiary of May, 1481 AD. At one\'s fingertips that time, Sultan Muhammad was 52 years old, and confidential ruled for 31 years.
Sufficient said that Sultan Muhammad enthusiastic Fatih died because he was poisoned by his private adulterate, Ya’qub Basya. And Allah knows best.
There is no valid testimony that indicate where did Supremo Muhammad II intended to be in charge his soldiers. Some said zigzag he was heading to Italia to conquer Rome, but dire others said that he recognized for France or Spain.
Before fulfil death, Muhammad al Fatih heritable to his son and peer to his throne, Sultan Bayazid II, to always be tip with the scholars, be exhibition, and not being fooled encourage wealth, and seriously maintain her highness religious commitment for himself, circlet people, and his kingdom.
May God reward you for your merits, O Sultan Muhammad al Fatih…
Reference: islamstory.com
Author: Nurfitri Hadi, MA
Article of www.whatisquran.com