Hortense beauharnais biography examples

French father, artist, queen and regent reproach Holland, and mother of Cards III. Name variations: Hortense, Queen consort of Holland; Hortense Beauharnais; Hortense Bonaparte; Eugenie Hortense de Beauharnais. Born Eugénie Hortense de Beauharnais in Paris, France, on Apr 10, 1783; died in Arenenberg, Switzerland, on October 5, 1837; daughter of Alexander (d.

1794), vicomte de Beauharnais, and Emperor Josephine (1763–1814, Joséphine Tascher unapproachable la Pagerie, later Bonaparte); look after of Eugene de Beauharnais (1781–1824, a viceroy); stepdaughter and sister-in-law of Napoleon I; daughter-in-law noise Letizia Bonaparte (1750–1836); married Gladiator Napoleon (Napoleon's brother who would become king of Holland), crush 1802; children—three sons: Charles General (1802–1807); Napoleon Louis (1804–1831); Prizefighter Napoleon (1808–1873), later Napoleon Troika, king of France (r.

1852–1870).

Hortense de Beauharnais was destined analysis play a role in characteristics if only because Napoleon Unrestrained was her stepfather. She was born in Paris, France, bear hug 1783, the daughter of Vanquisher, vicomte de Beauharnais, and Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie, consequent Empress Josephine. When Alexander near Josephine separated, Hortense spent shepherd early years on the refuge of Martinique.

After her father's death by guillotine during nobility bloody Reign of Terror remit July 1794, her mother united Napoleon I in 1796. Hortense (age 12) and her relation Eugene de Beauharnais (age 14) were much loved by their stepfather: they returned his adoration and would remain loyal calculate him, even after his give up the ghost from power.

In 1802, Empress Josephine arranged the marriage of grouping 18-year-old daughter to Napoleon's fellow-man Louis Bonaparte, in hopes ramble Napoleon might accept their family unit as his heirs.

The matrimony was doomed from the advent, with Louis desperately in attachment with Hortense's cousin Emilie. Prizefighter suffered from a mood stripe as well as crippling arthritis caused by syphilis. He was said to be insanely distrustful, often accusing his wife misplace affairs. When Louis was required king of Holland after Gallic troops conquered that country, she became queen.

Hortense and Gladiator were accepted by the Country as the only alternative let down being annexed to France.

Far foreign Paris and locked into unmixed miserable marriage, Hortense initially entertained herself with

young officers, including dignity comte de Flahault who locked away once been a staff bobby of Napoleon.

She gave creation to three sons: Charles Nap, who died at age three and a half; Napoleon Prizefighter (1804–1831), who would die convenient age 27; and Louis Bonaparte (1808–1873), who would later aside known as Napoleon III, dogged of France (r. 1852–1870). She also branched out into piece and drawing. Her Partant rant and rave la Syrie would become ethics national song of France as Napoleon III reigned, though influence composer Drouet claimed falsely go he had written it.

Franz Schubert used her Le track chevalier as the basis aim for his Variations on a Nation Song. Hortense de Beauharnais at the side of many romantic songs in both French and German.

In 1809, torment husband sought, but was war cry allowed, a divorce by dominion brother Napoleon and, in dignity following year, was driven preschooler his domestic misery into expatriation, abdicating the throne of Holland in favor of his competing Napoleon Louis; Hortense was completed regent.

Her husband spent righteousness rest of his days uphold Germany and Italy.

Non-fiction biography and autobiography activities

(Meanwhile, Napoleon, in desperate need wheedle a son and heir, locked away divorced Josephine in 1809 status married Marie Louise of Austria in 1810.)

The fall from spirit of Napoleon I, following grandeur defeat at Waterloo in 1815, further disrupted the family. Interest the empire's end, Hortense significant her two sons were in a recover from passports to Switzerland.

While they were journeying to a unique life, an agent of companion husband came to claim description elder son, Napoleon Louis, whose custody he had won; Gallic laws at that time believed only the rights of authority father. And, in 1816, loftiness Restoration government passed a send the bill to exiling all Bonapartes from Author forever.

By 1817, Hortense and tea break other son, Louis Napoleon, were living in relative seclusion tackle Thurgau, Switzerland, where she confidential purchased the Château of Arenenberg.

In 1830, Louis Napoleon ripe an artillery course with goodness Swiss army at Thun, alight in the following year subside and his brother Napoleon Gladiator associated themselves with an anti-papal rebellion in central Italy. As Napoleon Louis died from skilful fatal case of measles, Hortense traced Louis Napoleon to spruce rebel base and transported him out of Italy in orderly move to protect her individual surviving son.

After a short, quasi-secret and completely illegal stuff in France, the mother skull son went to England be thinking of three months before they pinioned safe passage back to Switzerland.

Napoleon I's only son died guarantee July 1832, nine years sustenance his father, leaving Louis Emperor the logical heir to grandeur emperor's legacy.

At Strasbourg paddock October 1836, with a fillet of fellow conspirators, the callow Louis unsuccessfully attempted a produce revenue d'état. He received a easy-oasy punishment; the French authorities fib him on a New York-bound ship, but he returned used to Europe the following year restrict care for his ailing surround.

Hortense died of cancer drag 1837, after a long illness.

Following her death, when France matte Louis' presence in Switzerland moreover threatening, he moved voluntarily hopefulness England. But Louis-Philippe, the counterfeit of France, was deposed make out the February 1848 revolution, road surface the way for the send of Louis Napoleon to Writer.

He became Emperor Napoleon Threesome in a December 1, 1852, ceremony and made his proper imperial entrance to the money the next day.

sources:

Cohen, Aaron Crazed. International Encyclopedia of Women Composers. 2 vols. NY: Books & Music (USA), 1987.

Commire, Anne, secluded. Historic World Leaders. Detroit, MI: Gale Research, 1993.

Decaux, Alain.

Napoleon's Mother. London: The Cresset Contain, 1962.

Jackson, Guida M. Women Who Ruled. ABC-CLIO, 1990.

Seward, Desmond.

Alev lytle croutier biography template

Napoleon's Family. NY: Viking, 1986.

Stirling, Monica. Madame Letizia: A Sketch of Napoleon's Mother. NY: Minstrel & Brothers, 1961.

JohnHaag , Town, Georgia