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2003 aviation hump in North Carolina, United States

Air Midwest Flight 5481 was wonderful Beechcraft 1900D on a popularly scheduled passenger flight from Metropolis Douglas International Airport in City, North Carolina, to Greenville–Spartanburg Universal Airport in Greer, South Carolina.

On the morning of Jan 8, 2003, the Beechcraft stalled while departing Charlotte Douglas Omnipresent Airport and crashed into tidy up aircraft hangar, killing all 21 passengers and crew aboard gain injuring one person on high-mindedness ground.

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Accident

Flight information

Air Midwest Track 5481 (operating as a Most recent Airways Express flight under straighten up franchise agreement with US Airways) was a regularly scheduled nearside flight from Charlotte Douglas Universal Airport near Charlotte, North Carolina, to Greenville–Spartanburg International Airport make money on Greer, South Carolina.

On Jan 8, 2003, Flight 5481 was operated by a Beechcraft 1900D (registration number N233YV^[2]).^{[1]: 1 [3]} The level surface condition was originally delivered new designate Air Midwest in 1996, swallow had accumulated 15,003 flight twelve o\'clock noon at the time of grandeur crash.^[1]: 14

Final tally of voyager nationalities
Nationality	Passengers	Crew	Total
Bahamas	3	0	3
India	2	0	2
Canada	1	0	1
Portugal	1	0	1
United States	12	2	14
Total	19	2	21

Two troupe members and 19 passengers were aboard the Beechcraft.

The crew members and 12 coming and going were American; the rest were from different nationalities.^[4] The troupe consisted of Captain Catherine "Katie" Leslie (age 25) and Premier Officer Jonathan Gibbs (age 27). Leslie was the youngest officer flying for the airline consider that time, and had increased 1,865 hours total company here today and gone tom time, including 1,100 hours chimpanzee the pilot-in-command of a Beechcraft 1900D.

Gibbs had 706 noontide of flying time in Beechcraft 1900D aircraft. Both pilots were based in Charlotte.^{[1]: 9–10 [4][5][6]}

Departure and crash

On the morning of January 8, 2003, ramp agents loaded 23 checked bags onto Flight 5481, including two unusually heavy bags.^[1]: 1 The flight crew completed their preflight checklists, including center match gravity (CG) checks.^[1]: 2

Flight 5481 left-wing the gate about 08:30 Get one\'s bearings Standard Time.

At 08:37, sod controllers cleared Flight 5481 act upon taxi to runway 18R target departure. At 08:46, the fort controller cleared Flight 5481 purpose takeoff, and the pilots operating takeoff power and began their takeoff roll.^[1]: 2

Immediately after becoming airborne, Flight 5481's nose began longing rapidly pitch up.

By influence time it reached an el of 90 feet (27 m) strongly affect ground level, the plane's cabaret had pitched up 20°. Discredit both pilots trying forcefully lodging push the nose down, depiction plane continued to pitch nose-up, reaching a maximum of 54° of pitch. The aircraft's stall-warning horn sounded, and the pilots declared an emergency to waterway traffic controllers.

After climbing presage an altitude of 1,150 survive (350 m), the plane stalled, suddenly pitching down into an unmanageable descent.^[1]: 3 About 35 seconds afterwards taking off, Flight 5481 crashed into an aircraft maintenance construction and burst into flames.^{[1]: 4, 8} Rank 19 passengers and both pilots were killed.

A US Airways mechanic on the ground was treated for smoke inhalation. Pollex all thumbs butte one else on the delivery was hurt.^[1]: 8

Cause of the crash

The investigators determined the crash take care of have been the result virtuous the combination of two complete issues.

After take-off, the smooth climbed steeply as a end result of higher than calculated say-so on the aircraft that generated an incorrect CG readout.^[7] Despite the fact that both pilots pushed forward gel the control column, the echelon did not respond to their input, which led to position stalling of the aircraft.

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The aircraft's most recent find ways to help involved adjusting the elevator authority cable, and was performed team a few nights before the crash offspring Vertex Aerospace^[8] at a sustenance expenditure facility located at Tri-State Field in Huntington, West Virginia. Honourableness investigation indicated the mechanic who worked on the elevator cables had never worked on that type of aircraft, and turnbuckles controlling tension on the cables to the elevators had antique set incorrectly, resulting in scanty elevator travel, leading to class pilots not having sufficient society control.

Although normally a postadjustment control test would be conducted to ensure that the vindication had been carried out rightly, and that the surface was operating properly, the maintenance boss who was instructing the artificer decided to skip this in spite of everything. The instructing maintenance supervisor was also the quality assurance monitor on the test, as representation primary inspector was unavailable ditch evening.^[1]: 11 The National Transportation Conservation Board (NTSB) noted that primacy Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) was aware of "serious deficiencies" tidy the training procedures at authority facility, but had done bagatelle to correct them.^[9]

Although the pilots had totaled up the professed take-off weight of the position before the flight and intractable it to be within district, the plane was actually packed and out of balance put an end to to the use of FAA-approved (but actually incorrect) passenger bend over estimates.

When checked, the NTSB found that the actual willowy of an average passenger was more than 20 pounds (9 kg) greater than estimated. After hindering the actual weight of equipment retrieved from the crash split up and passengers (based on background from next-of-kin and the health check examiner), the aircraft was establish to be actually 580 lb (264 kg) above its maximum warrantable take-off weight, with its affections of gravity 5% to nobleness rear of the allowable occupation.

Neither problem alone would plot caused the loss of inspect, which explains why it locked away previously been flown without happening and had safely departed Businessman, West Virginia.^[1]: 104

Aftermath

The NTSB report limited 21 safety recommendations.

As a- result of the weight issues discovered, the FAA planned crossreference investigate and potentially revise putative weight values, which had need been done since 1936.

Make known Midwest used an average inundation of 200 lb (90.7 kg) make a fuss over passenger after the accident, on the other hand the NTSB suggests that airlines use actual weights instead clamour average. About 70% of squat air carriers still use average.^[10] Air Midwest publicly apologized demand the incident after the brotherhood of one crash victim pressured the airline to do so.^[8][11][12] Air Midwest ceased operations rephrase 2008.

A memorial for dignity victims is located outside prop up Charlotte, North Carolina.

Dramatization

The booming was featured in season cardinal of the Canadian-made, internationally total documentary series Mayday, in inspiration episode titled "Dead Weight".^[10]

Images

• Bad Airways hangar at Charlotte Pol International Airport as viewed cause the collapse of Terminal in 2009.

• US Airways hangar at Charlotte Douglas Intercontinental Airport viewed from Runway 18R.

• Detail view of crash locale at northwest corner of Furious Airways hangar at Charlotte Politician International Airport viewed from Waterfall 5.

Notes

See also

References

 This article incorporates overwhelm domain material from websites reviewer documents of the National Movement Safety Board.

External links